A Review of the Studies on the Effect of Different Additives on the Fatigue Behavior of Asphalt Mixtures

Table 7

Impact of waste and biomaterials on the fatigue performance of asphalt mixture.

Waste/Biomaterials	Dosages	Type of asphalt binder	Optimum content based on fatigue results	Fatigue; test	Test temperature	Mode of loading	References
CR + low-density polyethylene; (LDPE)	CR: 15% by wt. of asphalt binder.; LDPE: 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% by wt. of asphalt binder	40–50 pen grade	—	4PBT	20°C	Controlled strain	Almaali et al. [131]
	The addition of 7.5% and 10% LDPE, along with 15% CR, has been found to achieve the best fatigue life for the asphalt mixtures
CR	5%, 7%, 9%, and 11% by wt. of asphalt binder	60–70 pen grade	9%	ITFT	32°C	Controlled stress	Vishnu and Lakshman [132]
	Compared to conventional asphalt mixture, the fatigue life of asphalt mixtures incorporating light, medium, and heavy automobile waste tires exhibited increases of 62%, 71.1%, and 95.68%, respectively
Recycled plastic	6% by wt. of asphalt binder	40–60 pen grade	—	4PBT	20°C	Controlled strain	White and Magee [133]
	The fatigue life of asphalt mixtures containing recycled plastic did not exhibit a significant difference when compared to the control mixtures
CR + WMA additive	10% by wt. of asphalt binder	PG 64-22	—	4PBT	5°C	Controlled strain	Xiao et al. [134]
	The fatigue life values of the control mixtures were generally lower than those of other rubberized mixtures, regardless of the presence or absence of WMA additives
CR	20% by wt. of asphalt binder	PG 64-22	—	DTCFT	25°C	Controlled stress	Asgharzadeh et al. [135]
	The addition of crumb rubber to railway asphalt mixtures significantly enhances their fatigue life by up to 7.2 times compared to unmodified mixtures. The aged crumb rubber modified mixture demonstrated the lowest fatigue life among the tested samples
CR + WMA additive	15% and 20% by wt. of asphalt binder	PG 64-22	20%	ITFT	—	Controlled stress	Yazdipanah et al. [136]
	The enhanced fatigue resistance observed in asphalt mixtures modified with CR at both stress levels can be attributed to the combined effects of the polymer modification caused by the soluble components of CR and the particle effect resulting from the presence of insoluble parts in CR; The inclusion of rejuvenator has proven to be effective in extending the fracture of rubberized asphalt mixtures under two stress levels
Waste styrene butadiene rubber (WSBR) and waste poly butadiene rubber (WPBR)	3% and 5% by wt. of asphalt binder	60–70 pen grade	5% WSBR	4PBT; ITFT	15, and 25°C	Controlled strain on the 4PBT; and; controlled stress on the ITFT	Ameri et al. [96]
	The fatigue life of waste polymer-modified mixes is considerably greater than that of mixes with neat binder and is remarkably close to the original polymer-modified mixes
Rapeseed oil	1.25%, 2.5%, 3.75%, and 5.0% by wt. of asphalt binder	35–50 pen grade	2.5%	4PBT	10°C	Controlled strain	Kowalski et al. [137]
	The addition of a bioagent mitigates the stiffening effect of RAP and enhances the fatigue resistance of the asphalt mixture through its fluxing action