Intraoperative Touch Imprint Cytology of Brain Neoplasms: A Useful High-Diagnostic Tool in 93 Consecutive Cases; Differential Diagnoses, Pitfalls, and Traps

Figure 4

Glioblastoma. (a–d) Touch imprint cytology shows typical cytological features of high-grade glioma. Fibrillary, bloody necrotic background and some spindled, epithelioid, gemistocytic, small cell, and giant-shaped tumor cells showing nuclear pleomorphism are observed (H&E, ×100, ×400). (e) On histological sections, pseudopalisading necrosis is diagnostic for glioblastoma (H&E, ×100). (f) GFAP immunohistochemistry is positive in the neoplastic astroglial part whereas GFAP is negative in areas of endothelial hyperplasia (microvascular hyperplasia) (×400).