Research Article
Properties and Behaviors of Heavy Quarkonia: Insights through Fractional Model and Topological Defects
Table 2
Mass spectra of bottomonium (in GeV) for two models (the classical model (
) at
and the fractional model (
, ) at
).
| State | The classical model | The fractional model | [36] | [38] | [40] | Exp. [43] | Error of the classical model | Error of the fractional model |
| 1S | 9.460 | 9.465 | 9.510 | 9.510 | 9.460 | 9.460 | 0 | 0.0005 |
| 2S | 9.844 | 9.853 | 10.627 | 10.038 | 10.023 | 10.023 | 0.018 | 0.016 |
| 3S | 10.288 | 10.241 | 11.726 | 10.566 | 10.585 | 10.355 | 0.006 | 0.011 |
| 4S | 10.611 | 10.628 | 12.834 | 11.094 | 11.148 | 10.580 | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| 1P | 9.679 | 9.802 | | | | | | | 9.843 | 9.911 | 9.862 | 9.862 | 9.492 | 9.900 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 10.008 | 10.020 | | | | | | |
| 2P | 10.063 | 10.19 | | | | | | | 10.228 | 10.299 | 10.944 | 10.390 | 10.038 | 10.260 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 10.392 | 10.408 | | | | | | |
| 1D | 9.898 | 10.129 | | | | | | | 10.063 | 10.237 | | | | | | | 10.227 | 10.345 | 10.214 | 10.214 | 9.551 | 10.161 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 10.392 | 110.733 | | | | | | | 10.557 | 11.120 | | | | | | |
| Total error | 0.006 | 0.0055 | 0.484 | 0.0137 | 0.028 | ā | | |
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