The Epidemiology of COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Myocarditis

Figure 3

Visual representation of the mechanism of action of the mRNA vaccine: the lipid nanoparticle and mRNA vaccine complex enter the muscle cell or APC by endocytosis. Translocation and translation to spike proteins take place in the ribosomes. Secretion of the spike protein into the extracellular environment, internalization into APCs via endocytosis, and incorporation as part of MHC class II take place. Antibody and cell-mediated immunity against SARS-CoV-2 take place.