Mediating Role of Environmental Awareness for the Nexus between Perceived Risks of COVID-19 Pandemic and Use of Sustainable Transportation: Evidence from Urban Passengers in Ethiopia, 2022

Figure 4

Path diagram of SEM showing the observed and latent variables as well as the direct and indirect effects on preassumed causal relationships. Source: computation using my own survey data (present study). COVID = the perceived risks of COVID-19 pandemic. EAVs = environmental awareness and values. STU = sustainable transport use behaviors (H8). N&R = COVID-19 is originated from nature’s destruction by humans and risky to me (H1, H2, H3, and H4). NN&R = COVID-19 is not originated from nature’s destruction by humans and not risky to me. EA = environmental awareness enhanced (H5, H6, and H7). EV = environmental values enhanced (H5, H6, and H7). PbT = public transportation use behaviors increased (H6, H7, and H8). PvT = private transportation (with ICE) use behaviors increased. e = total errors.