Aquaculture Research

Research Article

The Effects of Different Levels of Potassium Diformate and Calcium Diformate on Growth, Digestion Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Capacity, Intestinal Flora, Stress Markers, and Some Serum Biochemical Analytes in Juvenile Beluga Huso huso

Table 5

Total viable and lactic acid bacterial counts from the intestine of H. huso fed feed supplemented with different levels of potassium diformate and calcium diformate for 60 days.


Parameters	Groups	Day 0	Day 30	Day 60

Total count bacteria (×10⁵ CFU/g)	Control	93 ± 14.2^Ba	203.0 ± 24.5^Aa	241.3 ± 47.5^Aa
	Potassium diformate 0.1	87.3 ± 1.3^Ca	176.0 ± 19.5^Bb	238.2 ± 35.3^Aa
	Potassium diformate 0.15	91 ± 12.0^Ba	240.0 ± 27.16^Aa	276.0 ± 66.1^Aa
	Potassium diformate 0.2	96.0 ± 15.2^Ba	249.0 ± 19.6^Aa	279.0 ± 33.5^Aa
	Calcium diformate 0.1	91.0 ± 9.7^Ba	219.0 ± 22.64^Aa	274.0 ± 25.5^Aa
	Calcium diformate 0.15	95.0 ± 15.2^a	246.0 ± 19.6^Aa	286.0 ± 33.5^Aa
	Calcium diformate 0.2	91.0 ± 9.7^Ba	220.0 ± 22.64^Aa	275.0 ± 25.5^Aa

Lactic acid bacteria (×10² CFU/g)	Control	34.0 ± 2.2^Aa	31.0 ± 3.05^Ac	37.6 ± 3.51^Ac
	Potassium diformate 0.1	44.0 ± 2.3^Ba	134.0 ± 7.63^Ab	141.45 ± 26.2^Ab
	Potassium diformate 0.15	45.0 ± 6.5^Ba	163.0 ± 1.15^Aa	166.66 ± 3.2^Aab
	Potassium diformate 0.2	46.0 ± 4.5^Ca	112.0 ± 14.3^Bb	172.33 ± 10.4^Aab
	Calcium diformate 0.1	47.0 ± 5.2^a	117.0 ± 10.3^Bb	166.33 ± 10.4^Aab
	Calcium diformate 0.15	51.0 ± 4.5^Ca	121.0 ± 14.3^Bb	181.33 ± 10.4^Aa
	Calcium diformate 0.2	47.0 ± 5.2^Ca	128.0 ± 10.3^Bb	158.33 ± 10.4^Aab

Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between each of the experimental groups at various sampling time points (row) (). Different capital letters denote significant differences between the experimental groups at a specified time point (column) (). Data were expressed as means ± SEM (n = 9).