A Comprehensive Exploration of Bioluminescence Systems, Mechanisms, and Advanced Assays for Versatile Applications

Table 2

Types of bioluminescence assays in research.

Type of application	Description	References
Reporter gene activity measuring	Red fluorescent protein, secretable Gaussia luciferase, stable and unstable nanoluciferase, and firefly luciferase have been used to study complex body fluids. Smad binding element (SBE) and NFκB response element (NFκB-RE) have been cloned to different reporter vectors	[47]
Single-reporter assays	To measure the potency of T-cell-dependent bispecific antibodies while capturing key aspects of its multistep mechanism of action, this assay has been used	[74]
Dual-reporter assays	To detect the alterations in the ratio of spliced and unspliced mRNA in mammalian cells, this assay has been used	[75]
Multicolor luciferase reporter assay	To investigate the visualization of the platform to investigate apoptosis and NF-κB in human breast cancer cells	[76]
Real-time luciferase reporter assay	To detect the mammalian cell viability and the cytotoxicity of β-actin promoter and enhancer, this assay has been used	[77]