Air pollution is one of the major health and environmental problems in the world that contribute to approximately 11.65% of deaths worldwide. The combination of indoor and outdoor air pollution is a risk factor for several leading causes of death, including non-communicable and communicable diseases.

However, air pollution is a health and environmental issue across all countries of the world, but determining variations in severity is a big challenge. There may be various causes that affect the severity of diseases.

This Special Issue will address the various causes of diseases stimulated by components of air pollution. We welcome original research and review articles with a special emphasis on the severity of diseases and their mitigation approaches. The outcomes of this Special Issue will be helpful to the public, policy planners, and stakeholders for formulating/suggesting decision-making policies.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Air pollution and respiratory microbiome
• Air pollution and the rise of antibiotic resistance
• Detection of multi-drug and extensive drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria in the human microbiota
• Biofilm-mediated decontamination of air pollutants
• AI applications to evaluate / mitigate health effects related to air pollution-related health effects