Medicine Targeting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition to Treat Airway Remodeling and Pulmonary Fibrosis Progression

Figure 1

Overview of airway inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors that lead to EMT. T helper-type cells are stimulated by allergens, and Th2 or Th17 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 are secreted. Cytokines act as mediators that induce EMT. The growth factors secreted by immune cells can also interact with their receptors, activate transcription factors, and cause EMT.