Clinical Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Patients with Suboptimal Peak Inspiratory Flow

Table 1

Demographics and baseline characteristics of participants according to PIF against the medium-low resistance DPIs.

Characteristics	oPIF (n = 252)	sPIF (n = 273)	value
Age, mean (95% CI), y	64.6 (63.5–65.6)	65.4 (64.4–66.4)	0.25
Sex, male, n (%)	167 (66.3)	162 (59.3)	0.10
Race, White, n (%)	235 (93.3)	248 (90.8)	—
Weight, mean (95% CI), kg	86.7 (84.1–89.3)	80.5 (78.0–83.0)	<0.001
Height, mean (95% CI), cm	172.7 (171.6–173.8)	169.9 (168.8–171.1)	<0.001
BMI, mean (95% CI), kg^2/cm	29.0 (28.2–29.7)	27.8 (27.0–28.6)	0.04
Current smoker, n (%)	114 (45.2)	127 (46.5)	0.77
Smoking duration, mean (95% CI), y	39.2 (37.8–40.5)	41.3 (40.0–42.5)	0.02
Duration of COPD diagnosis, mean (95% CI), y	9.0 (8.3–9.8)	10.8 (10.0–11.5)	0.002
Concurrent LABA or ICS/LABA use, n (%)	139 (55.2)	149 (54.6)	0.89
PIF, mean (95% CI), L/min	96.7 (94.2–99.1)	44.6 (43.4–45.8)	<0.001^†
Participants with ≥1 exacerbation in the prior year, n (%)	61 (24.2)	81 (29.7)	0.16

oPIF was defined as PIF >60 L/min and sPIF as PIF ≤60 L/min. ^†The difference in baseline PIF between the subgroups was significant because all participants from trial 0149 had sPIF (<60 L/min). BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DPI = dry powder inhaler; ICS = inhaled corticosteroid; LABA = long-acting β-agonist; oPIF = optimal PIF; PIF = peak inspiratory flow; sPIF = suboptimal PIF.