Research Article

Potential JAK2 Inhibitors from Selected Natural Compounds: A Promising Approach for Complementary Therapy in Cancer Patients

Table 1

Gibbs free energy of binding and inhibition constant values between the tested flavonoids, anthraquinones, cinnamic acids, control inhibitors, and JAK2 ATP-binding cleft.

PubChem entryLigand nameInhibition constant

(A) Flavonoids
5281675Orientin−14.4923.81 pM
44258844Kaempferol 3-rutinoside-4′-glucoside−12.54643.71 pM
5280441Vitexin−12.071.42 nM
5280804Isoquercitrin−11.692.68 nM
5353915Quercetin-3-rhamnoside−11.166.64 nM
5280459Quercitrin−11.038.29 nM
5318767Nicotiflorin−10.8610.88 nM
10095180Kaempferol 7-O-glucoside−10.6814.89 nM
5282102Astragalin−10.6216.45 nM
5280637Cynaroside−10.4023.77 nM
5280704Apigenin-7-glucoside−10.1933.67 nM
44258853Kaempferol 3-rutinoside-7-sophoroside−10.0244.96 nM
5280805Rutin−9.9749.29 nM
72936Sophoraflavanone G−9.7966.64 nM
5281600Amentoflavone−9.6683.58 nM
471Dihydroquercetin−9.5599.31 nM
5280544Herbacetin−9.45117.75 nM
5280343Quercetin−9.16191.44 nM
9911508Astragarin−9.05232.52 nM
442664Vicenin-2−8.95273.18 nM
439533Taxifolin−8.81348.58 nM
5281672Myricetin−8.70419.29 nM
5281654Isorhamnetin−8.51577.45 nM
5316673Afzelin−8.41681.83 nM
5281614Fisetin−8.35752.61 nM
5281612Diosmetin−8.33783.91 nM
5281670Morin−8.151.05 μM
5280445Luteolin−8.071.22 μM
52806813-O-Methylquercetin−7.851.77 μM
25201019Ponciretin−7.821.86 μM
5280863Kaempferol−7.801.93 μM
5317435Fustin−7.752.97 μM
638278Isoliquiritigenin−7.632.55 μM
124052Glabridin−7.493.24 μM
5281607Chrysin−7.483.30 μM
1203Epicatechin−7.393.82 μM
5280443Apigenin−7.397.12 μM
72281Hesperetin−7.383.90 μM
639665XanthohuMol−7.304.44 μM
5318998Licochalcone A−7.135.96 μM
9064Catechin−7.106.23 μM
14309735Xanthogalenol−6.928.51 μM
443639Epiafzelechin−6.8110.11 μM
629440Hemileiocarpin−6.7112.06 μM
10680Flavone−5.8650.71 μM
5280378Formononetin−5.7363.22 μM

(B) Anthraquinones
442731Pulmatin (chrysophanol-8-0-glucoside)−10.7613.07 nM
99649Emodin-8-glucoside−10.7114.02 nM
126456371Aloe emodin 8-glucoside−8.89305.84 nM
6683Purpurin−8.48549.18 nM
3220Emodin−8.43659.07 nM
10207Aloe-emodin−8.171.02 μM
10208Chrysophanol−8.051.26 μM
10168Rhein−8.041.28 μM
3663Hypericin−7.971.43 μM
361510Emodic acid−7.881.68 μM
10459879Sennidin B−7.861.74 μM
10639Physcion−7.791.94 μM
2950Danthron−7.772.02 μM
6293Alizarin−7.682.35 μM
101286218Rhodoptilometrin−7.493.25 μM
3083575Obtusifolin−6.5815.00 μM
160712Nordamnacanthal−6.3621.69 μM
92826Sennidin A−6.2227.43 μM
124062Rubiadin−6.1531.02 μM
442753Knipholone−6.11146.75 μM
2948Damnacanthal−5.6770.16 μM

(C) Cinnamic acids
1794427Chlorogenic acid−11.871.98 nM
6124212Cynarin−11.871.99 nM
5281792Rosmarinic acid−10.4820.66 nM
5281759Caffeic acid 3-glucoside−8.061.24 μM
5281787Caffeic acid phenethyl ester−7.841.99 μM
637540o-Coumaric acid−6.2924.45 μM
5372945N-p-coumaroyltyramine−6.2824.94 μM
637775Sinapinic acid−5.6572.61 μM
689043Caffeic acid−5.6375.13 μM
445858Ferulic acid−5.23145.82 μM
444539Cinnamic acid−4.97228.75 μM
637542p-Coumaric acid−4.88264.73 μM

(D) Control inhibitors
25126798Ruxolitinib−6.3323.01 μM
54944251ZA−6.5515.89 μM

JAK2, janus-activated kinase 2; 1ZA, 2-TERT-BUTYL-9-FLUORO-3,6-DIHYDRO-7H-BENZ[H]-IMIDAZ[4,5-F] ISOQUINOLINE-7-ONE; pM, picomolar; nM, nanomolar; μM, micromolar.