Research Article
Effect of Phonological and Phonetic Interventions on Proficiency in English Pronunciation and Oral Reading
Table 26
Pronunciation evaluation: Hypothesis 1: Wilcoxon-signed rank test.
| Attributes | N | Mean rank | Sum of ranks |
| Make use of eye contact and facial expressions (post–pre) | Negative ranks | 0 | 0 | 0 | Positive ranks | 28 | 14.50 | 406.00 | Ties | 4 | | | Total | 32 | | | Have a good opening? (post–pre) | Negative ranks | 1 | 8.00 | 8.00 | Positive ranks | 29 | 15.76 | 457.00 | Ties | 2 | | | Total | 32 | | | Change the pitch and tone of voice (post–pre) | Negative ranks | 0 | 0 | 0 | Positive ranks | 25 | 13.00 | 325.00 | Ties | 7 | | | Total | 32 | | | Use interesting and specific language (post–pre) | Negative ranks | 1 | 6.50 | 6.50 | Positive ranks | 30 | 16.32 | 489.50 | Ties | 1 | | | Total | 32 | | | Use pauses or emphasis on keywords (post–pre) | Negative ranks | 0 | 0 | 0 | Positive ranks | 30 | 15.50 | 465.00 | Ties | 2 | | | Total | 32 | | | Support ideas with details and examples (post–pre) | Negative ranks | 0 | 0 | 0 | Positive ranks | 28 | 14.50 | 406.00 | Ties | 4 | | | Total | 32 | | | Use gestures or actions (post–pre) | Negative ranks | 0 | 0 | 0 | Positive ranks | 32 | 16.50 | 528.00 | Ties | 0 | | | Total | 32 | | | Use visuals? (post–pre) | Negative ranks | 0 | 0 | 0 | Positive ranks | 29 | 15.00 | 435.00 | Ties | 3 | | | Total | 32 | | | Speak clearly (post–pre) | Negative ranks | 0 | 0 | 0 | Positive ranks | 30 | 15.50 | 465.00 | Ties | 2 | | | Total | 32 | | | Have a good closing? (post–pre) | Negative ranks | 0 | 0 | 0 | Positive ranks | 29 | 15.00 | 435.00 | Ties | 3 | | | Total | 32 | | |
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