Author Year Country Study design Participants PCOS diagnostic criteria Sample size Age (mean ± SD) Control Intervention Duration (week) Outcome Con Int Con Int Ali et al. [19 ] 2019 Pakistan Two arms, open-label RCT PCOS women ESHRE/ASRM guidelines 53 53 25.6 ± 4.5 25.4 ± 3.7 Met, 1000 mg/day Met, 1000 mg/day and PGZ 30 mg/day 12 1, 2, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13, 14 Baillargeon et al. [20 ] 2004 Venezuela Four arms, double-blind RCT Nonobese PCOS women with normal insulin sensitivity NR 28 20 27.7 ± 0.9 27.5 ± 1.1 Met, 850 mg/day Met, 850 mg/day and RSG 4 mg/day 24 1, 2, 4, 5, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19 Daneshjou et al. [21 ] 2022 Iran Four arms, double-blind RCT PCOS women candidate for ICSI ESHRE/ASRM guidelines 15 15 28.9 ± 2.7 30.2 ± 3.1 Met, 1000 mg/day Met, 1000 mg/day and SITA 100 mg/day 8 6, 12, 13, 16 Elkind-Hirsch et al. [22 ] 2008 USA Three arms, open-label RCT Overweight and obese PCOS women Rotterdam criteria 20 20 27.7 ± 1.3 32.1 ± 0.7 Met, 2000 mg/day Met, 2000 mg/day and EX 20 μ g/day 24 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16 Elkind-Hirsch et al. [23 ] 2017 USA Three arms, single-blind RCT Prediabetic PCOS women NIH 1990 criteria 12 11 29.9 ± 7 29.6 ± 8 Met, 2000 mg/day Met, 2000 mg/day and SAXA 5 mg/day 16 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19 Ferjan et al. [24 ] 2017 Slovenia Two arms, open-label RCT Obese PCOS women pretreated with LIR NR 12 12 34.3 ± 6.8 MET, 2000 mg/day Met, 2000 mg/day and SITA 100 mg/day 12 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15 Sever et al. [25 ] 2014 Slovenia Three arms, open-label RCT Obese PCOS women pretreated with met NR 14 11 31.3 ± 9.4 31.1 ± 5.5 Met, 2000 mg/day Met, 2000 mg/day and LIR 1.2 mg/day 12 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19 Li et al. [15 ] 2020 China Three arms, open-label RCT Obese PCOS women Rotterdam criteria 68 69 25.8 ± 4.4 25.9 ± 4 Met, 1500 mg/day Met, 1000 mg/day and RSG 4 mg/day 24 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14 Liao et al. [26 ] 2011 China Three arms, open-label RCT Obese PCOS women Rotterdam criteria 28 27 27.7 ± 2.9 27 ± 3.2 Met, 1500 mg/day Met, 1500 mg/day and RSG 4 mg/day 24 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14 Ma et al. [27 ] 2021 China Two arms, open-label RCT Overweight and obese PCOS Rotterdam criteria 25 25 28.1 ± 4.4 30.1 ± 4.5 Met, 1500 mg/day Met, 1500 mg/day and EX 2 mg/week 12 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 16 Sohrevardi et al. [16 ] 2016 Iran Three arms, open-label RCT PCOS women Rotterdam criteria 22 23 28.7 ± 6.3 30.7 ± 6.1 Met, 1500 mg/day Met, 1500 mg/day and PGZ 30 mg/day 12 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16 Tao et al. [28 ] 2018 China Three arms, open-label RCT PCOS women with new-onset T2DM Rotterdam criteria 21 21 28 ± 3 29 ± 5 Met, 2000 mg/day Met, 2000 mg/day and SAXA 5 mg/day 24 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 20 Tao et al. [29 ] 2021 China Three arms, open-label RCT Overweight and obese prediabetic PCOS women Rotterdam criteria 50 50 NR NR Met, 2000 mg/day Met, 2000 mg/day and EX 20 μ g/day 12 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16 Wen et al. [30 ] 2023 China Two arms, open-label RCT Obese PCOS women Rotterdam criteria 30 30 25.4 ± 3.1 26.7 ± 4.4 Met, 1700 mg/day Met, 1700 mg/day and beinaglutide 0.6 mg/day 12 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14 Xing et al. [31 ] 2022 China Two arms, open-label RCT Overweight PCOS women Rotterdam criteria 25 27 23.5 ± 4.6 25.8 ± 4.4 Met, 2000 mg/day Met, 2000 mg/day and LIR 1.2 mg/day 4 & 12 1, 2, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17 Zhang et al. [32 ] 2022 China Two arms, open-label RCT Overweight and obese PCOS women Rotterdam criteria 20 21 25.5 ± 4.3 26.3 ± 5.8 Met, 2000 mg/day Met, 2000 mg/day and CANA 100 mg/day 12 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15