Reproductive Behavior of Bubalus arnee (Kerr, 1792) (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Bovidae) in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve and Chitwan National Park, Nepal

Table 1

Description of bulls in the study area.

Name/ID of bull	Descriptions and role of bull	Location
A	The dominant bull in the study area possesses a substantial horn and body size, serving as the primary mating bull, with a slight cut on the upper side of its right ear	Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve (KTWR)
B	The bull, identified as B, exhibits smaller horn and body dimensions compared to bull A. Bull A and bull B are frequently observed together, and bull B holds the position of the second most dominant bull in the study area	Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve (KTWR)
M	In the study area, only two bulls, namely M and J, were identified. Bull M served as the primary mating bull and held the title of the most dominant bull in the study area	Chitwan National Park (CNP)
J	The subadult bull is not intended for actual reproduction or mating purposes	Chitwan National Park (CNP)

Note. The primary or sole recorded bull activities at KTWR included those of bulls A and B. Conversely, in CNP, only two bulls, namely, M and J, were identified.