Research Article
Applying the Operational Design Domain Concept to Vehicles Equipped with Advanced Driver Assistance Systems for Enhanced Safety
Table 5
ODD elements with high exposure frequencies.
| Primary categories | Subcategory | Element | Exposure frequency |
| Physical infrastructure | Roadway type | Highway | 26 | Intersection | 18 | Roadway surface | Gravel | 17 | Roadway edge | Line marker | 16 | Concrete barrier | 24 | Rails | 25 | Curb | 16 | Roadway geometry | Curve | 28 | Lateral crest | 23 | Corner | 25 | Negative obstacle | 25 | Lane width | 20 |
| Operational constraint | Speed limit | Maximum speed | 27 | Minimum speed | 31 |
| Object | Roadway user | Pedestrian | 23 | Cyclist | 25 | Nonroadway user obstacle/object | Animal | 27 | Debris | 24 |
| Environmental condition | Weather | Wind | 18 | Rain | 28 | Snow | 29 | Temperature | 17 | Weather-induced roadway condition | Standing water | 26 | Icy road | 22 | Particulate matter | Fog | 25 | Dust/dirt | 17 | Illumination | Day | 17 | Night | 19 | Headlight | 17 |
| Zone | Interference zone | Tunnel | 16 | Parking garage | 18 |
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