Research Article
Awareness of Cervical Cancer, Risk Perception, and Practice of Pap Smear Test among Young Adult Women of Dhulikhel Municipality, Nepal
Table 2
Awareness of cervical cancer among the study participants.
| Questions | Frequency | Percentage |
| Heard about cervical cancer () | 229 | 54.3 | Know about the cause of cervical cancer () | 137 | 59.8 | Causes of cervical cancer () | | | Having more than one sexual partner | 92 | 67.2 | Having unsafe sex | 92 | 67.2 | Poor genital hygiene | 82 | 59.9 | Partner having more than one sexual relation | 55 | 40.1 | Having sex at young age | 45 | 32.8 | STIs | 41 | 29.9 | Having multiple unsafe abortions | 39 | 28.4 | Smoking | 37 | 27 | Intake of birth-controlling pills more than 5 years | 35 | 25.5 | HPV | 28 | 20.4 | Gynecological problems | 12 | 8.7 | Others | 7 | 5.1 | Know about the sign and symptoms of cervical cancer () | 113 | 49.3 | Signs and symptoms of cervical cancer () | | | Unpleasant vaginal discharge | 101 | 89.4 | Persistent lower back pain | 51 | 45.1 | Intermenstrual bleeding | 44 | 38.9 | Vaginal bleeding after menopause | 39 | 34.5 | Vaginal bleeding during and after sex | 36 | 31.9 | Stomachache | 27 | 23.9 | Others | 6 | 5.3 | Can cervical cancer be prevented () | 218 | 95.2 | Preventive method of cervical cancer () | | | Timely screening for cervical cancer | 187 | 85.7 | Safe sexual practice | 94 | 42.9 | Avoid smoking | 46 | 21 | Avoid early marriage and pregnancy | 34 | 15.5 | Maintaining personal and genital hygiene practice | 33 | 15.1 | HPV vaccination | 30 | 13.7 | Timely treatment of STIs | 30 | 13.7 | Use of condom while having sex | 28 | 12.8 | Do not know | 7 | 7 | Others | 5 | 2.3 | Can cervical cancer be treated () | 209 | 91.2 | Treatment methods of cervical cancer () | | | Hysterectomy | 158 | 75.2 | Chemotherapy | 66 | 31.4 | Medication | 55 | 26.2 | Pelvic exenteration | 28 | 13.3 | Radiotherapy | 22 | 10.5 | Do not know | 13 | 6.2 |
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Multiple responses. Abbreviations: STIs: sexually transmitted infections; HPV: human papillomavirus. |