|
| Reference | Problem solved | Proposed solution | Limitations |
|
| [94] | Idle listening, collision, channel utilization | Berkeley MAC (B-MAC) protocol | Large overheads caused by preambles |
| [146] | Idle listening, collision, long preamble, control overhead | Wireless MAC (wise MAC) | High latency |
| [95] | Low-power listening | Short preamble MAC (X-MAC) protocol | Inability to handle immediate traffic fluctuations |
| [164] | Energy consumption, overhearing and idle listening of sender-based scheduling approach for asynchronous MAC protocols. | O-MAC is based on a pseudorandom staggered for optimal energy efficiency | Collisions, no defined retransmission mechanism for collisions |
| [96] | Latency, long preamble | Receiver-initiated MAC (RI-MAC) protocol | Increased sender duty cycle and end-to-end latency. |
| [165] | A tradeoff between energy dissipation and latency | Express MAC (EX-MAC) protocol | Frequent collisions as well as extra reservation traffic |
| [166] | Hardware and operating system delays and clock drifts, energy consumption | Predictive-wakeup MAC (PW-MAC)—on-demand prediction error correction, efficient prediction-based retransmission mechanisms. | Increased overhead as a result of beacons and idle listening |
| [167] | End-to-end delay in multihop WSN | Cooperative low-power MAC (CL-MAC) protocol | Inadequate analysis of the backoff algorithm’s effects on throughput, delay, and energy consumption |
| [168] | Collision, delivery latency, and control overhead | The sender centric MAC (SC-MAC) protocol avoids channel collision in burst traffic with reduced control overhead and optimizes packet delivery latency. | Overheads due to irregular periods and high energy dissipation for data transmission over channel reservation |
| [169] | Energy dissipation, latency, overheads | Low-latency asynchronous MAC (LA-MAC) protocol | Collisions in congested WSN |
| [172] | Long end-to-end delay of asynchronous LDC-MAC protocols | Virtual tunnel (VT) MAC protocol | Possible collisions due to on-demand synchronization |
| [171] | Energy dissipation | Energy-efficient asynchronous QoS (AQSen-MAC) | Performance of AQSen-MAC compared with only receiver-initiated QoS protocols and no other ALDC MAC protocols |
|
