The Protective Effects of Vanillic Acid and Vanillic Acid-Coated Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Table 1

Effect of vanillic acid and vanillic acid-coated AgNP treatment on fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in male rats with STZ-induced diabetes.

Parameters	Statistical tests	G1 (negative control)	G2 (positive control)	G3 (treated with vanillic acid)	G4 (treated with vanillic acid-coated AgNPs)
FBS (mg/dl)		^d	^a	^b	^c
	LSD
	-test	—	-69.80	20.31	44.60
HbA1C (%)		^d	^a	^b	^c
	LSD
	-test	—	-26.48	21.90	13.78
IL-6 (pg/ml)		^d	^a	^b	^c
	LSD
	-test	—	-32.77	13.58	18.56

Data are displayed as (SD). Means with different superscripts (a, b, c, or d) are statistically different at , according to post hoc ANOVA analysis. When they have the same superscript, they are not significantly different at . LSD: least significant difference; NS: not significant. Each group consisted of 6 rats, and tests were repeated 6 times. Statistically highly significant (at ).