Determinants of Electricity Transmission and Distribution Losses in South Africa

Table 4

Long-run estimation results for 1971–2020.

Variable	ARDL results		DOLS results		FMOLS results
	Coefficient	Std. error	Coefficient	Std. error	Coefficient	Std. error
lnY	−0.9371	0.2124	−0.6515	0.2138	−0.7550	0.2616
lnINV	0.4648	0.1140	0.4569	0.1470	0.5344	0.1514
lnEINT	0.7451	0.2230	0.8850	0.2677	0.0395	0.2119
POLI	0.1055	0.0138	0.0982	0.0132	0.0618	0.0145
P	−0.0002	0.0011	−0.0016	0.0013	0.0006	0.0013
C	11.5431	4.8475	3.9898	4.8661	8.0784	5.5030

Note.and denotes 1, and 5% level of significance, respectively.