Material Removal Mechanism and Evolution of Subsurface Defects during Nanocutting of Monocrystalline Cu

Table 3

Dislocation types and their Berger vectors inside the subsurface of Cu.

Dislocation types	Berger vector	Color
Perfect dislocation	1/2 <1 1 0>
Shockley partial dislocation	1/6 <1 1 2>
Frank partial dislocation	1/3 <1 1 1>
Stair-rod dislocation	1/6 <1 1 0>
Hirth dislocation	1/3 <1 0 0>
Other	—