Oxidative Stress in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis: A Current Review of the Literature

Table 1

Comparison of OS status in HD versus PD patients.

Study (ref.)	Year	OS biomarker	Patients	Results
Similar OS status in HD and PD (6 studies)
Filiopoulos et al. [42]	2009	Serum TAC; Serum SOD	20 HD; 11 PD	Similar in HD and PD
Ahmadpoor et al. [43]	2009	Serum GPx activity; Serum TAC; Serum GSH; RBC GSH	30 HD; 12 CAPD	Similar in HD and CAPD
Mekki et al. [44]	2010	Serum TBARS; Serum SOD; Serum GPx; Serum CAT	20 HD; 20 PD	Similar in HD and PD
Castoldi et al. [41]	2010	Serum 8-OHdG; Serum ox-LDL	51 HD; 17 PD	Similar in HD and PD
Samouilidou et al. [40]	2012	Serum ox-LDL	31 HD; 24 PD	Similar in HD and PD
Mehmetoglu et al. [45]	2012	Serum TAC; Serum coenzyme Q10	38 HD; 41 CAPD	Similar in HD and CAPD
Lower OS status in HD than in PD (3 studies)
Taylor et al. [47]	1992	Serum MDA	20 HD; 18 CAPD	Higher in CAPD versus HD
		Serum SOD		Similar in CAPD and HD
McGrath et al. [48]	1995	Serum MDA	20 HD; 20 CAPD	Higher in CAPD versus HD
Al-Hweish et al. [46]	2010	Serum MPO	56 HD; 28 CAPD	Higher in CAPD versus HD
Higher OS status in HD than PD (24 studies)
Pastor et al. [72]	1993	Serum AT levels (antioxidant)	18 HD; 14 CAPD	Lower in HD versus CAPD
Ross et al. [68]	1997	Serum cysteine	20 HD; 20 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
		Serum glutathione		Similar in HD and PD
Zima et al. [71]	1998	Serum. RBC and whole blood Zn, Cu, and Se (antioxidants)	36 HD; 18 CAPD	Lower in HD versus CAPD
Kielstein et al. [50]	1999	Serum ADMA	43 HD; 37 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
Takayama et al. [69]	2001	Serum glutathionyl hemoglobin	30 HD; 10 CAPD	Higher in HD versus CAPD
Donate et al. [66]	2002	Serum carbonyl proteins	42 HD; 21 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
Lim et al. [51]	2002	Serum F2-isoprostanes	35 HD; 30 CAPD	Higher in HD versus CAPD
Usberti et al. [54]	2002	Serum ROS, MDA, and TAC	55 HD; 16 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
		Serum AT (antioxidant)		Lower in HD versus PD
Yonova et al. [59]	2004	Serum MDA; Serum ox-LDL	22 HD; 22 CAPD	Higher in HD versus PD
		Serum vitamin E; Serum vitamin C; Serum GPx		Lower in HD versus PD
Lucchi et al. [53]	2005	RBC GSH	23 HD; 15 CAPD	Higher in HD versus PD
Sela et al. [55]	2005	Rate of superoxide release from activated neutrophils	30 HD; 30 CAPD	Higher in HD versus CAPD
Morimoto et al. [56]	2005	Serum ADMA	31 HD; 43 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
Pawlak et al. [57]	2007	Serum Cu/Zn SOD; Serum VEGF	25 HD; 45 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
Mitrogianni et al. [65]	2009	Serum carbonyl proteins	25 HD; 21 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
De Rojas and Mateo [73]	2009	RBC SOD activity; RBC CAT activity (antioxidants)	16 HD; 11 CAPD	Lower in HD versus CAPD
Kayabasi et al. [58]	2010	Serum MDA and GPx	32 HD; 39 CAPD	Similar in HD versus CAPD
		Serum SOD (antioxidant)		Lower in HD versus CAPD
Guoa et al. [60]	2011	Serum TBARS, carbonyl compounds	20 HD; 20 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
		GPx and CAT activity (antioxidant markers)		Lower in HD versus PD
		Serum Zn, Se (antioxidants)		Lower in HD versus PD
Zhou et al. [61]	2012	Serum AOPPs	1539 HD; 556 CAPD	Higher in HD versus PD
Marques de Mattos et al. [62]	2012	Serum AOPPs	48 HD; 20 CAPD	Higher in HD versus PD
Capusa et al. [64]	2012	Serum TBARS	16 HD; 17 CAPD	Higher in HD versus PD
		Serum TAC (antioxidant marker)		Similar in HD and PD
Puchades et al. [52]	2013	Serum carbonyl proteins; Serum F2-isoprostanes; Serum 8-OHdG	30 HD; 31 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
		Serum GPx; Serum GSH; Serum CAT, SOD (antioxidants)		Lower in HD versus PD
Marques de Mattos et al. [63]	2014	Serum AOPPs; Serum AGEs	21 HD; 19 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
		Serum vitamin C+A+E (antioxidants)		Similar in HD and PD
Xu et al. [67]	2015	Serum8-OHdG	220 HD; 83 PD	Higher in HD versus PD
Stępniewska et al. [70]	2016	Platelet CAT activity (antioxidant marker)	37 HD; 23 PD	Lower in HD versus PD (0.82 in PD versus 0.52 before HD and 0.35 after HD)

OS: oxidative stress; HD: hemodialysis; PD: peritoneal dialysis; ox-LDL: oxidized low-density lipoprotein; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; SOD: superoxide dismutase; MPO: myeloperoxidase; CAPD: continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; MDA: malondialdehyde; ADMA: asymmetric dimethylarginine; RBC: red blood cell; GSH: reduced glutathione; ROS: reactive oxygen species; AT: alpha-tocopherol; SOD: superoxide dismutase; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; TBAR: thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances; AOPPs: advanced oxidation protein products; CAT: catalase; Zn; zinc; Cu; copper; Se: selenium.