PPAR-γ Activation Alleviates Osteoarthritis through Both the Nrf2/NLRP3 and PGC-1α/Δψ_m Pathways by Inhibiting Pyroptosis

Figure 3

Piog attenuates LPS/ATP-induced pyroptosis of chondrocytes. (a) MTS assays were performed for cell toxicity after Piog treatment for 24 hours. (b and c) MTS and CCK8 assays were performed for rat chondrocyte viability. Piog pretreatment for 2 hours before LPS treatment for 24 hours and subsequent stimulation with ATP for 30 minutes. (d) CCK8 assays were performed for the effect of Piog on LPS/ATP-treated chondrocyte viability after GW antagonizing PPAR-γ using 20 μM Piog, 1 μM LPS, 5 mM ATP, and 10 μM GW. (e and f) Western blot and densitometric analysis of the immunoblots for NLRP3, caspase-1 P10, and GSDMD-N in the control, LPS/ATP, Piog + LPS/ATP, and GW + Piog + LPS/ATP groups. GAPDH was used as an internal reference. (g) ELISA was performed for IL-1β and IL-18 concentrations in the control, LPS/ATP, Piog + LPS/ATP, and Piog + GW + LPS/ATP groups. The data represent three independent experiments and are expressed as mean ± SD. * and **.

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