Assessing the Relationship between Performance on the University of California Performance Skills Assessment (UPSA) and Outcomes in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Evidence Synthesis
Table 2
Baseline characteristics of the patient populations in the identified studies.
Study
N
Male
Age at baseline Mean (SD)
Caucasian
Years of education Mean (SD)
with schizophrenia diagnosis
Years since diagnosis
Use of anti-psychotics
Gupta M et al., 2012
54
NA
38 (9.3)
NA
NA
100
NA
NA
Twamley EW et al., 2002
111
52
55 (9.6)
75
13 (2.5)
60
27
91
Mausbach BT et al., 2010
116
60
50 (9.0)
NA
14 (2.4)
100
NA
93
Abram SV et al., 2014
59
63
35 (9.4)
44
NA
100
14.8
NA
Alden EC et al., 2015
36
61
37 (9.1)
44
NA
100
15
NA
Bowie CR et al., 2008
222
NA
57 (9.7)
NA
13 (2.5)
NA
NA
100
Bowie CR et al., 2006
78
NA
58 (7.3)
NA
13 (2.4)
100
NA
100
Bowie CR et al., 2007
67
76
59 (13.7)
61
12 (1.7)
76
NA
NA
Cardenas V et al., 2013
97
57
51 (6.5)
50
12 (2.3)
75
NA
NA
Depp CA et al., 2011
73
53
50 (6.3)
45
12 (2.1)
NA
NA
89
Depp CA et al., 2016
196
62
52 (7.3)
53
12 (2.3)
NA
NA
NA
Durand D et al., 2015
214
65
41 (12.4)
55
12 (2.2)
NA
NA
NA
Galderisi S et al., 2014
921
70
40 (10.7)
NA
12 (3.4)
100
NA
97
Gold JM et al., 2012
114
55
39 (11.5)
57
13 (2.2)
NA
NA
NA
Gould F et al., 2012
194
73
59 (7.9)
NA
12 (4.4)
NA
NA
100
Harvey PD et al., 2009
146
63
48 (11.9)
100
14 (3.4)
NA
NA
100
Harvey PD et al., 2009
236
70
57 (7.3)
64
13 (2.2)
NA
NA
100
Ho JS et al., 2013
138
67
51 (6.9)
59
NA
84
NA
100
Holshausen K et al., 2014
148
72
56 (7.6)
57
13 (2.5)
NA
NA
100
Leifker FR et al., 2009
194
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Leung WW et al., 2008
230
73
56 (9.9)
60
13 (2.6)
77
28.4
NA
Olsson AK et al., 2012
211
64
49 (11.6)
NA
NA
65
NA
NA
Smith MJ et al., 2012
46
65
35 (8.2)
51
NA
100
14.5
100
Garcia-Portilla MP et al., 2013
139
73
40 (10.4)
NA
NA
100
NA
NA
Kim SJ et al., 2015
55
62
36 (6.9)
NA
13 (2.3)
100
11
100
Ucok A et al., 2012
295
45
42 (15.4)
NA
14 (4.2)
NA
NA
NA
Bengoetxea E et al., 2014
29
48
30 (9.2)
NA
9 (3.3)
NA
NA
NA
Lee J et al., 2015
351
67
47 (11)
55
12 (1.9)
NA
NA
NA
Light GA et al., 2005
25
64
39 (9.6)
NA
12 (1.7)
100
17.7
88
Light GA et al., 2012
178
72
43 (10.1)
NA
NA
NA
21.9
NA
Musso MW et al., 2014
18
89
38 (12.3)
60
NA
NA
NA
100
Vesterager L et al., 2012
117
54
25 (3.3)
NA
NA
84
NA
89
Elliott CS et al., 2014
71
75
48 (9.4)
NA
12 (1.9)
NA
NA
NA
Fiszdon JM et al., 2010
48
81
49 (8.7)
56
12 (1.8)
83
NA
NA
Twamley EW et al., 2012
69
65
46 (9.5)
59
13 (1.7)
54
23.3
94
Mausbach BT et al., 2008
236
65
49 (7.3)
53
NA
80
NA
NA
Narvaez JM et al., 2008
88
67
47 (8.8)
66
13 (2.4)
42
21.9
92
Twamley EW et al., 2011
89
65
47 (9.8)
58
13 (1.9)
51
25.7
88
Ammari N et al., 2014
72
80
42 (9.8)
NA
13 (2.0)
NA
NA
NA
Heinrichs RW et al., 2010
127
65
42 (9.0)
NA
NA
NA
NA
99
Heinrichs RW et al., 2006
64
75
40 (8.9)
NA
NA
NA
NA
95
Muharib E et al., 2014
35
80
31 (5.9)
66
13 (2.5)
NA
8.5
92
Sheffield JM et al., 2014
104
58
40 (11.9)
61
13 (3.9)
NA
NA
NA
Silverstein SM et al., 2011
155
65
0 (0)
48
NA
100
NA
NA
Green MF et al., 2011
163
66
44 (10.1)
NA
12 (2.1)
100
20.3
NA
Roseman AS et al., 2008
144
80
52 (8.6)
55
12 (2.2)
65
NA
NA
Adelsky MB et al., 2011
50
48
58 (8.7)
40
11 (2.7)
100
NA
NA
Green MF et al., 2008
176
76
44 (11.2)
59
12 (2.4)
86
NA
97
Helldin L et al., 2012
95
44
36 (8.2)
NA
11 (2.5)
NA
NA
NA
Jeste ND et al., 2005
136
59
49 (7.5)
NA
11 (2.3)
81
23.0
NA
Kasckow J et al., 2007
145
78
52 (145.0)
56
12 (2.3)
62
NA
NA
Keefe RS et al., 2006
56
84
35 (9.8)
NA
12 (2.1)
100
NA
100
Mausbach BT et al., 2008
434
66
50 (7.9)
67
12 (2.4)
77
NA
NA
Mausbach BT et al., 2011
367
63
51 (9.6)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
McClure MM et al., 2013
46
61
38 (11.8)
NA
NA
0
NA
NA
Moore RC et al., 2015
21
55
51 (8.4)
45
13 (1.9)
NA
NA
NA
Moore RC et al., 2013
21
76
55 (4.1)
76
13 (2.1)
NA
NA
NA
Murthy NV et al., 2012
55*
76
31 (7.0)
NA
12 (2.1)
100
6.4
NA
Patterson TL et al., 2001
50
42
56 (8.5)
74
13 (2.3)
NA
29.4
NA
Stergiopoulos V et al., 2011
51
71
40 (11.6)
65
12 (2.6)
70
NA
71
Thorp SR et al., 2012
746
NA
56 (7.8)
68
12 (2.8)
NA
NA
NA
Twamley EW et al., 2012
30
54
52 (5.1)
57
12 (2.7)
32
23.4
89
Vahia IV et al., 2010
884
64
52 (8.3)
64
12 (2.5)
NA
24.9
NA
Strassnig MT et al., 2015
402
66
50 (5.1)
57
12 (5.1)
100
NA
NA
Sabbag S et al., 2011
193
69
44 (11.5)
54
13 (2.4)
100
NA
NA
Bechi M et al., 2017
79
62
41 (10.3)
NA
NA
100
NA
100
Czaja SJ et al., 2017
77
73
54 (7.6)
26
NA
100
NA
NA
Keefe RSE et al., 2016
158
56
43 (11.9)
47
13 (2.0)
100
NA
NA
Koshikawa Y et al., 2016
21
52
45 (11.1)
NA
NA
95
NA
NA
Lee J et al., 2017
60
53
64 (6.8)
NA
12 (3.1)
NA
NA
NA
Moore RC et al.,
34
55
44 (9.2)
NA
12 (2.4)
NA
NA
100
Moore RC et al.,
435
64
50 (10.0)
NA
14 (2.0)
NA
NA
NA
Ventura J et al., 2016
205
61
52 (7.0)
54
12 (2.0)
NA
NA
NA
Kumar S et al., 2016
98
70
25 (5.1)
45
13 (1.8)
69
NA
NA
NA, not applicable; SD, standard difference. in Study 1. in Study 2.