Research Article
Semi-supervised Learning for Automatic Modulation Recognition Using Haar Time–Frequency Mask and Positional–Spatial Attention
Table 3
Ablation study on public dataset RML2016.10a.
| Description | −20 dB (%) | −16 dB (%) | −12 dB (%) | −8 dB (%) | −4 dB (%) | 0 dB (%) | 4 dB (%) | 8 dB (%) | 12 dB (%) | 16 dB (%) |
| | 8.82 | 10.09 | 13.45 | 22.09 | 45.64 | 66.91 | 72.36 | 75.00 | 75.18 | 77.27 | + | 8.82 | 10.45 | 17.82 | 32.91 | 70.91 | 87.36 | 89.27 | 91.96 | 92.00 | 92.64 | CNN5 | 7.91 | 9.55 | 14.09 | 29.00 | 48.64 | 73.96 | 80.37 | 82.87 | 83.27 | 82.96 | CNN5 + spatial | 8.09 | 10.36 | 15.00 | 29.60 | 60.64 | 81.36 | 83.73 | 84.32 | 85.96 | 85.27 | CNN5 + positional | 9.09 | 11.00 | 18.45 | 33.05 | 69.36 | 83.91 | 88.82 | 89.73 | 89.55 | 89.03 | Eps13 [44] | 8.73 | 9.18 | 15.27 | 25.73 | 48.96 | 68.18 | 72.46 | 77.68 | 81.55 | 81.36 | Eps13 + frequency mask | 9.00 | 10.64 | 15.91 | 29.77 | 55.09 | 75.00 | 81.82 | 82.33 | 84.82 | 83.45 | Eps13 + time mask | 8.27 | 10.46 | 17.64 | 32.82 | 60.64 | 76.32 | 84.48 | 84.82 | 85.03 | 83.36 | HTF-PSA-SSL | 9.18 | 11.18 | 20.00 | 34.91 | 71.27 | 87.64 | 90.45 | 92.45 | 92.09 | 93.18 |
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Note. Bold values indicate the result of HTF-PSA-SSL.
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