Multiobjective Differential Evolution Algorithm with Multiple Trial Vectors

Table 2

Testing result’s statistics of the problem ZDT2.

Algorithm	Convergence metric	Diversity metric
NSGA-II (real-coded)	0.072391±0.031689	0.430776±0.004721
NSGA-II (binary-coded)	0.000824±0.000000	0.435112±0.024607
SPEA	0.001339±0.000000	0.755184±0.004521
PAES	0.126276±0.036877	1.165942±0.007682
PDEA	N/A	0.317958±0.001389
MODE	0.005500±0.000000	N/A
MTVDE	0.004700±0.000006	0.645900±0.002600