An Intelligence Optimized Rolling Grey Forecasting Model Fitting to Small Economic Dataset

Table 3

The evaluation metrics to compare GM(1, 1), RM-GM(1, 1), and PRGM(1, 1).

	GM(1, 1)	RM-GM(1, 1)	PRGM(1, 1)
Financial intermediation
MAPE (%)	6.3452	8.3619	0.0514
MAD	93.1390	126.4600	0.7191
MSE	12666.000	20607.0000	0.5667
𝑟^2	0.8560	0.7657	1.0000
Real estate
MAPE (%)	63.8925	61.7673	0.9890
MAD	599.65	579.9800	9.5706
MSE	520120.00	494280.0000	287.4100
𝑟^2	−24.2190	−22.9660	0.9861