Constraints of Adoption of Agricultural Extension Package Technologies on Sorghum Crop Production at Smallholder Farm Household Level: Evidence from West Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Table 5

Constraints of adoption of organic fertilizer and their rank indexes.

No.	Description of the constraints to the use of improved sorghum varieties	Index	Rank
1	Shortage of supply of improved seed varieties	0.145	1
2	Productivity is not attractive	0.082	9
3	Shortage of rainfall	0.114	5
4	High price improved seed varieties	0.121	2
5	Less awareness creation	0.105	7
6	Does not fit with local agroecologies	0.116	4
7	Some varieties not preferred by the farmers	0.091	8
8	Not provided with credit	0.120	3
9	No or limited insurance	0.107	6
No.	Description of the constraints to use row planting	Index	Rank
1	Need huge labor	0.137	1
2	Less awareness creation	0.113	6
3	Creates shortage of animal feed	0.136	2
4	No clear instruction for distance between the rows and plants	0.129	5
5	Limited technology to use row planting	0.135	3
6	No credit to under cost of huge labor needed	0.087	7
7	Limited insurance	0.050	9
8	Shortage of cultivated land	0.130	4
9	Less effect on productivity	0.084	8
No.	Description of the constraints to use crop protection chemicals	Index	Rank
1	Not easily accessible	0.099	2
2	It has a negative effect on humans, livestock, and important insects health	0.087	4
3	Recommendation rate is not clear	0.075	7
4	High price crop protection chemicals	0.107	1
5	Few supplies are available	0.089	3
6	Not supplied on time	0.079	6
7	Illegal traders supplies crop protection chemicals	0.070	8
8	It bring crop failure when used incorrectly	0.061	11
9	Expired crop protection chemicals supplied	0.058	12
10	Some crop protection chemicals not effective	0.069	9
11	Increase cost of production	0.057	13
12	Less availability of instruments to apply crop protection chemicals	0.086	5
13	Not supplied with credit	0.063	10

Source: survey result (2019).