Determinants of Garlic Producers Market Outlet Choices in Goncha Siso Enese District, Northwest Ethiopia: A Multivariate Probit Regression Analysis
Table 5
Multivariate probit estimation for determinants of garlic producer outlet choice.
Variables
Market outlet choice
Consumers
Retailers
Wholesalers
Assemblers
Coeff (Se)
Coeff (Se)
Coeff (Se)
Coeff (Se)
Age
−0.017 (0.01)
0.005 (0.01)
0.004 (0.02)
−0.008 (0.01)
Sex
−0.069 (0.26)
−0.166 (0.21)
−0.412 (0.32)
0.642 (0.25)
Household size
−0.001 (0.07)
0.068 (0.05)
−0.029 (0.08)
0.082 (0.05)
Education
−0.047 (0.05)
−0.107 (0.04)
0.085 (0.05)
0.019 (0.03)
Livestock holdings (TLU)
0.000 (0.05)
0.022 (0.04)
−0.030 (0.06)
−0.008 (0.04)
Land size
0.03 (0.11)
−0.080 (0.09)
0.177 (0.14)
0.079 (0.10)
Extension contacts
−0.393 (0.15)
−0.180 (0.08)
0.227 (0.11)
−0.195 (0.08)
Access to credit
0.195 (0.27)
−0.513 (0.20)
1.621 (0.27)
−0.246 (0.20)
Distance to market
−0.014 (0.05)
−0.029 (0.04)
0.321 (0.08)
0.119 (0.04)
Access to market information
−0.515 (0.25)
−0.297 (0.19)
0.274 (0.26)
1.007 (0.19)
Lagged price of garlic
0.000 (0.00)
0.000 (0.00)
−0.000 (0.00)
−0.000 (0.00)
Quantity of garlic sold
−0.437 (0.09)
0.147 (0.07)
0.466 (0.12)
0.227 (0.07)
Garlic farm experience
−0.021 (0.01)
0.016 (0.01)
−0.002 (0.01)
0.005 (0.01)
Land area for garlic
0.468 (0.48)
−0.768 (0.33)
−0.178 (0.45)
−1.193 (0.32)
Constant
2.256 (0.73)
−1.251 (0.63)
−2.103 (1.42)
−1.521 (0.87)
Multivariate probit (MSL, # draws = 5)
Number of obs = 359
Wald chi2 (56) = 266.52
Log likelihood = −488.03361
Prob > chi2 = 0.0000
Predicted probability
0.2816632
0.3228928
0.3399945
0.2230343
Joint probability (success)
0.0000189
Joint probability (failure)
0.1172155
Estimated correlation matrix
ρ1 (Y1)
ρ2 (Y2)
ρ3 (Y3)
ρ4 (Y4)
ρ1 (Y1)
1.00
ρ2 (Y2)
−0.441 (0.08)
1.00
ρ3 (Y3)
0.292 (0.15)
−0.384 (0.12)
1.00
ρ4 (Y4)
−0.358 (0.11)
−0.292(0.10)
−0.288 (0.12)
1.00
Likelihood ratio test of rho21 = rho31 = rho41 = rho32 = rho42 = rho43 = 0: chi2 (6) = 77.1817
Prob > chi2 = 0.0000
,, and are significant at 1%, 5%, and 10% level of significance, respectively. Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 are consumers, retailers, wholesalers, and assemblers, respectively. Source: own survey results (2022).
