Drag Reduction and Performance Improvement of Hydraulic Torque Converters with Multiple Biological Characteristics

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Analysis Type</td><td class="align_center">Transient state</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Turbulence model</td><td class="align_center">Detached Eddy Simulation</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Pressure-velocity coupling</td><td class="align_center">SIMPLE</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Transient formulation</td><td class="align_center">Second-order implicit</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Pump status</td><td class="align_center">Fixed at 2000 rpm</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Turbine status</td><td class="align_center">Varied from 0~2000 rpm </td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Stator status</td><td class="align_center">Stationary</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Viscosity</td><td class="align_center">0.0258 Pa<svg height="4.18388pt" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-0.04981995pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -4.13406 3.07474 4.18388" width="3.07474pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M170 255C170 288 146 313 114 313S58 288 58 255C58 221 82 198 114 198S170 221 170 255Z" id="g113-46"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="228" vert-adv-y="228"></glyph.data></g></svg>s</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Density</td><td class="align_center">860 kg/m<sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="2"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Drag Reduction and Performance Improvement of Hydraulic Torque Converters with Multiple Biological Characteristics 