Influence of Rib Cage on Static Characteristics of Scoliotic Spine

Figure 4

von Mises stress distribution of discs in four spinal models with left curvature: (a) normal spine without rib cage (NS1); (b) normal spine with normal rib cage (NS2); (c) scoliotic spine without rib cage (SS1); (d) scoliotic spine with deformed rib cage (SS2).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)