[Retracted] Investigating the Association between Orthopedic Fractures and Head Injury due to Road Traffic Accidents

Table 5

Association of the demographic characteristics and outcome with the head injury diagnosis among road traffic accident-related head injuries with orthopedic associated fractures.

Characteristics	Head injury diagnosis													value
	Total	Cerebral concussion	Cerebral contusion	Cerebral edema	EDH	Fracture skull base	Fracture skull	Multiple lesions	HI, unspecified	ICH, unspecified	SAH	Open scalp injury	SDH
	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)
Gender														.889
Male	117 (92)	8 (6.3)	19 (15)	3 (2.4)	14 (11)	6 (4.7)	7 (5.5)	31 (24.4)	7 (5.5)	1 (0.8)	9 (7.1)	2 (1.6)	10 (7.9)
Age category (years)														.8
<18	40 (31.5)	3 (2.4)	9 (7.1)	1 (0.8)	4 (3.1)	2 (1.6)	2 (1.6)	11 (8.7)	2 (1.6)	0 (0)	2 (1.6)	0 (0)	4 (3.1)
18-29	59 (46.5)	6 (4.7)	8 (6.3)	2 (1.6)	6 (4.7)	3 (2.4)	5 (3.9)	17 (13.4)	4 (3.1)	1 (0.8)	3 (2.4)	1 (0.8)	3 (2.4)
30-45	15 (11.8)	0 (0)	2 (1.6)	0 (0)	3 (2.4)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	2 (1.6)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	4 (3.1)	1 (0.8)	1 (0.8)
>45	13 (10.2)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	6 (4.7)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	2 (1.6)
Weekend admission														.945
Yes	39 (30.7)	2 (1.6)	6 (4.7)	1 (0.8)	3 (2.4)	1 (0.8)	3 (2.4)	11 (8.7)	2 (1.6)	0 (0)	5 (3.9)	1 (0.8)	4 (3.1)
Critical care unit admission														.357
Yes	6 (4.7)	0 (0)	2 (1.6)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)
Discharge condition
Improved	117 (92)	9 (7.1)	18 (14.2)	2 (1.6)	14 (11)	5 (3.9)	8 (6.3)	35 (27.6)	7 (5.5)	1 (0.8)	8 (6.3)	2 (1.6)	8 (6.3)	.369
Mortality														.039
Dead	4 (3.1)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	2 (1.6)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Adjusted SR		-0.561	-0.879	3.029	-0.715	-0.452	-0.527	-1.278	1.564	-0.181	3.179	-0.257	-0.594
value		.575	.38	.002	.474	.65	.598	.201	.118	.856	.001*	.797	.552
Adjusted value		.793	.709	.04†	.748	.84	.793	.634	.634	.914	.031†	.876	.793
Hospital length of stay (days)
Short (0-5)	12 (9.4)	1 (0.8)	2 (1.6)	2 (1.6)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	3 (2.4)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)
Adjusted SR		0.177	0.092	3.429	-1.281	-0.811	0.305	-0.270	0.305	-0.324	0.062	-0.460	0.062
value		.86	.927	<.001	.200	.418	.761	.787	.761	.746	.95	.645	.95
Adjusted value		.914	.957	.031†	.634	.734	.869	.882	.869	.869	.958	.759	.958
Medium (6-10)	15 (11.8)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	1 (0.8)	5 (3.9)	0 (0)	2 (1.6)	2 (1.6)	2 (1.6)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (0.8)	1 (0.8)	.037
Adjusted SR		-1.139	-1.028	1.169	2.938	-0.918	1.194	-1.374	1.194	-0.367	-1.206	1.687	-0.185
value		.255	.304	.242	.003	.358	.232	.17	.232	.713	.228	.092	.853
Adjusted value		.634	.663	.632	.051	.709	.634	.634	.634	.855	.634	.274	.869
Long (≥11)	100 (78.7)	8 (6.3)	17 (13.4)	0 (0)	9 (7.1)	6 (4.7)	5 (3.9)	31 (24.4)	5 (3.9)	1 (0.8)	9 (7.1)	1 (0.8)	8 (6.3)
Adjusted SR		0.772	0.745	-3.373	-1.401	1.304	-1.16	1.277	-1.16	0.522	0.907	-1.001	0.101
value		.44	.456	<.001	.161	.192	.246	.202	.246	.602	.364	.317	.919
Adjusted value		.74	.739	.0312†	.634	.634	.634	.634	.634	.793	.709	.709	.958
Nonorthopedic injury														.654
Yes	44 (36.6)	3 (2.4)	8 (6.3)	3 (2.4)	3 (2.4)	2 (1.6)	3 (2.4)	8 (6.3)	4 (3.1)	1 (0.8)	5 (3.9)	0 (0)	4 (3.1)

Unadjusted significantvalue. ^†Significant value in Pearson residual analysis with Benjamini-Hochberg method for multiple testing. SR: standard residual; EDH: epidural hematoma; HI: head injury; ICH: intracerebral hemorrhage; SAH: subarachnoid hemorrhage; SDH: subdural hematoma.