Validation of Hydraulic Mechanism during Blowout Trauma of Human Orbit Depending on the Method of Load Application

Figure 10

Exemplary CT scan analysis; red arrows indicate observed orbital wall fractures. (a) Male, 49, suffering both eyeball and orbital injury after boxing training with multifracture of the medial and lower walls of the left orbit. Bone fragment dislocated into maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses. (b) Male, 59, a fight victim suffering multifracture orbital trauma including both medial and lower walls of the right orbit with translocation of the bone fragment into maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses. Clinically diagnosed diplopia and damage of maxillary nerve (CN V₂).

(a)

(b)