Validation of Hydraulic Mechanism during Blowout Trauma of Human Orbit Depending on the Method of Load Application

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left" rowspan="2"></td><td class="align_center" colspan="4">Initiation points of the potential orbital wall fracture</td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_center">Lower wall (1) (node no. 141)</td><td class="align_center">Lower wall (2) (node no. 242)</td><td class="align_center">Lower wall (3) (node no. 244)</td><td class="align_center">Medial wall (4) (node no 116)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Time of reaching the ultimate stress threshold (150 MPa) (ms)</td><td class="align_center">16.4</td><td class="align_center">15.2</td><td class="align_center">16.3</td><td class="align_center">10.3</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Averaged load value corresponding to the potential fracture (N)</td><td class="align_center">9500</td><td class="align_center">8800</td><td class="align_center">9400</td><td class="align_center">5900</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Impact energy required to cause the fracture (J)</td><td class="align_center">41.0</td><td class="align_center">35.4</td><td class="align_center">40.6</td><td class="align_center">16.4</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Summary of the nonlinear transient analysis regarding the contact problem (MOBOSE).</div>

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Validation of Hydraulic Mechanism during Blowout Trauma of Human Orbit Depending on the Method of Load Application 