Estimation of Gait Parameters for Transfemoral Amputees Using Lower Limb Kinematics and Deterministic Algorithms

Table 2

Mean absolute error values for HS and TO from the five algorithms (CI: confidence interval).

Events	Algorithm	Mean absolute error (±SD) [95% CI]	Leg side	Mean absolute error (±SD)
Heel strike (HS)	T-MM	112.2 (±46.5)	Sound	85.67 (±16.0)
		[108.5, 115.2]	Prosthetic	138.60 (±51.6)
	S-DM	28.17 (±20.3)	Sound	16.72 (±13.5)
		[26.5, 29.8]	Prosthetic	39.61 (±19.4)
	S-ZC	49.25 (±32.9)	Sound	29.62 (±11.2)
		[47.1, 51.3]	Prosthetic	68.88 (±35.6)
	F-DM	18.27 (±12.9)	Sound	28.87 (9.5)
		[17.6, 19]	Prosthetic	7.68 (±4.2)
	F-ZC	48.25 (±33.4)	Sound	28.08 (±9.1)
		[47.3, 62.4]	Prosthetic	68.42 (±36.5)
Toe-off (TO)	T-MM	35.07 (±17.5)	Sound	36.22 (±15.4)
		[33.5, 36.4]	Prosthetic	33.92 (±19.3)
	S-DM	58.70 (±28.6)	Sound	82.05 (±20.8)
		[57.2, 60.2]	Prosthetic	35.36 (±10.7)
	S-ZC	40.86 (±14.5)	Sound	31.65 (±10.6)
		[39.8, 41.9]	Prosthetic	50.06 (±11.8)
	F-DM	45.96 (±9.3)	Sound	48.28 (±7.5)
		[42.2, 46.7]	Prosthetic	43.64 (±10.3)
	F-ZC	29.92 (±20.8)	Sound	11.63 (±6.6)
		[29.1, 30.7]	Prosthetic	48.21 (±12.3)