[Retracted] Prognostic Role of Biomarkers for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Premature Infants
Table 1
Clinical characteristics by pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Variables
Infants with no BPD-PAH ()
Infants suffering BPD-PAH ()
Gestational age (Wks)
26.5 (25.4, 27.2)
26.0 (25.0, 26.4)
-1.965
0.049
BW (g)
900 (750, 1030)
730 (620, 885)
-3.072
0.002
Gender (male)
120 (56.3%)
10 (47.6%)
0.589
0.443
Antenatal steroid treatment
151 (70.9)%
18 (85.7%)
2.093
0. 148
Cesarean section delivery
84 (25.4%)
6 (28.6%)
0. 104
0.747
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
17 (8.0%)
3 (14.3%)
0.972
0.324
Maternal hypertension n
6 (2.8%)
2 (9.5%)
2.604
0. 107
PPROM
74 (34.7%)
11 (52.4%)
2.571
0. 109
Conception by ART
48 (22.5%)
6 (14.3%)
0.392
0.531
1-minute Apgar score
8 (5, 9)
6 (5, 8)
-1.407
0. 159
5-minute Apgar score
10 (9, 10)
10 (8, 10)
-1.697
0.090
Surfactant treatment
171 (80.3%)
18 (85.7%)
0.363
0.847
Mechanical ventilation
106 (49.8%)
13 (61.9%)
1. 127
0.288
PDA
84 (39.4%)
16 (76.2%)
10.552
0.001
SGA
9 (4.2%)
5 (23.8%)
13.034
≤0.001
NRDS
201 (94.4%)
19 (90.5%)
0.514
0.473
Early-onset sepsis
42 (19.7%)
12 (57. 1%)
15.082
≤0.001
IVH grade 3 or 4
45 (21. 1%)
6 (28.6%)
0.622
0.430
ROP
71 (33.3%)
12 (57. 1%)
4.734
0.030
Values in median (IQR) or no. (%). BW: birth weight; PPROM: preterm premature rupture of the membranes; GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; ART: assisted reproductive technology; SGA: small for gestational age; PDA: patent ductus arteriosus; NRDS: neonatal respiratory distress syndrome; ROP: retinopathy of prematurity; IVH: intraventricular hemorrhage.
