Inspired by the Black Ghost Knifefish: Bionic Design of Undulatory Fin with 2-DOF Rays and Its Propulsion Performance

<div>Impulse of the fin surface at different swing amplitudes and different swing frequencies: (a) different swing amplitudes; (b) different swing frequencies.</div>

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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Figure 12

Figure 12: Inspired by the Black Ghost Knifefish: Bionic Design of Undulatory Fin with 2-DOF Rays and Its Propulsion Performance 