Effect of V-Shaped Groove Microstructure on Blood Flow Resistance in Bionic Artificial Blood Vessels

Figure 8

Variation curves of resistance reduction with depth h⁺ for V-shaped grooves: (a) v = 0.03 mm, (b) v = 0.04 mm, (c) v = 0.05 mm, and (d) v = 0.06 mm.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)