Investigation of Thermal Cooling Effectiveness of RRVCS for Permafrost Protection under Wide Expressway Embankment

Table 3

Material parameters for different soils.

Material parameters	Part I	Part II	Part III	Part IV
	Gravel soil	Pebbly clay	Gravel loam	Strong erosion mudstone
W0 (%)	25	30	30	30
ρd (kg·m^−3)	1800	1700	1300	1500
csf (kJ·kg^−1·K^−1)	0.71	0.73	0.75	0.75
csu (kJ·kg^−1·K^−1)	0.79	0.84	0.84	0.84
ci (kJ·kg^−1·K^−1)	2.09	2.09	2.09	2.09
cw (kJ·kg^−1·K^−1)	4.182	4.182	4.182	4.182
λf (W·m^−1·K^−1)	1.980	2.69	1.22	1.82
λu (W·m^−1·K^−1)	1.919	1.95	0.87	1.47
−θf (°C)	−0.20	−0.10	−0.19	−0.05
D (m^2·s^−1)	9.35 × 10^−6	4.66	3.73	3.44
B	0.610	0.733	0.574	0.474
L (J·m^−3)	334.56	334.56	334.56	334.56