An Overview of Methods for Blast Load Testing and Devices for Pressure Measurement

Table 6

Numerical simulations used for calculating blast effects.

Test type	Author	Year	Element type	Software	Formulation	FE type	Symmetry	Mesh size (mm)
Field tests	Ohtsu et al. [23]	2007	Slab	BEM	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
	Wei et al. [12]	2007	Slab	ABAQUS	N/A	Solid, shell	Yes (1 : 4)	N/A
	Schenker et al. [9]	2008	Slab	LS-DYNA	N/A	Shell	N/A	N/A
	Wu et al. [86]	2011	Column	LS-DYNA	MM-ALE	Solid, beam	No	50
	Foglar and Kovar [17]	2013	Slab	LS-DYNA	N/A	Solid, beam	No	30 and 50
	Tabatabaei et al. [22]	2013	Slab	LS-DYNA	Lagrange	Solid, beam	No	N/A
	Zhao and Chen [14]	2013	Slab	LS-DYNA	N/A	Solid, beam	Yes (1 : 4)	N/A
	Castedo et al. [4]	2015	Slab	LS-DYNA	Lagrange	Solid, shell, beam	Yes (1 : 2)	15, 5 and 50
	Foglar et al. [18]	2015	Slab	LS-DYNA	N/A	Solid, beam	No	N/A
	Li et al. [24]	2015	Slab	LS-DYNA	SPH	Solid, beam	No	8 and 40
	Mao et al. [19]	2015	Slab	LS-DYNA	N/A	N/A	No	N/A
	Mazurkiewicz et al. [31]	2015	Column	LS-DYNA	Euler Lagrange MM-ALE	Shell	No	N/A
	Codina et al. [32]	2016	Column	AUTODYN	Euler Lagrange	Solid, beam	No	10
Shock tubes	Ellis et al. [10]	2014	Slab	ABAQUS	N/A	Solid	No	12.7 and 16
	Thiagarajan et al. [40]	2015	Slab	LS-DYNA	N/A	Solid, beam	No	25.4, 12.7 and 6.35
Blast pendulum systems	Heinchie et al. [63]	2014	Plate	ABAQUS	MM-ALE	Solid	No	N/A
	Fallah et al. [61]	2014	Plate	AUTODYN and ABAQUS	N/A	Solid	No	N/A
	Guan et al. [62]	2014	Plate	ABAQUS	N/A	Solid, shell	No	N/A
	Li et al. [65]	2014	Panel	AUTODYN	MM-ALE	Shell	Yes (1 : 4)	0.05
Blast simulator	Oesterle [75]	2009	Wall	LS-DYNA	Lagrange	Brick, beam, shell	No	N/A
	Stewart [77]	2010	Column	LS-DYNA	Lagrange	Shell	No	12.7
	Huson [72]	2012	Beam and plate	LS-DYNA	N/A	Continuum elements	No	N/A
	Li et al. [50]	2012	Column	LS-DYNA	N/A	N/A	No	N/A
	Stewart [78]	2012	Column	LS-DYNA	Lagrange	Shell	No	N/A
	Stewart [79]	2014	Column	LS-DYNA	Lagrange	Shell	No	12.7
	Stewart et al. [67]	2014	Column	LS-DYNA	Lagrange	Shell	No	N/A
Blast chambers	Wu et al. [70]	2013	Chamber	AUTODYN	Euler	N/A	No	10
	Snyman et al. [84]	2016	Chamber	AUTODYN	Euler Lagrange	N/A	axi	10 and 4