Hysteretic Behavior of Eccentrically Loaded Reinforced Air-Entrained Concrete Columns under Combined Effects of Freeze-Thaw Cycles and Seawater Corrosion

Table 3

Summary of horizontal displacement at the column top under typical horizontal load and ductility coefficient.

Specimen	Forward loading			Reverse loading
	δy (mm)	δu (mm)	Ductility coefficient	δy (mm)	δu (mm)	Ductility coefficient
Col-1	3.37	15.36	4.56	−8.50	−19.42	2.28
Col-2	3.80	12.53	3.30	−8.86	−17.42	1.97
Col-3	5.56	14.62	2.63	−9.73	—	—
Col-4	4.31	10.59	2.46	−8.32	−18.08	2.17

Note. δ_y = the yield displacement; δ_u = the displacement at 85% of ultimate load on the descending portion of the load-displacement skeleton curve.