Research Article
Crack Risk Evaluation of Submerged Concrete Tunnel during Hardening Phase
Table 1
Concrete compositions and mechanical properties at 28 days.
| | Materials | Concrete fraction (kg/m3), nominal values | | SV40 | 40% BFS | 60% BFS | 40% FA | 60% FA |
| | Norcem Anleggsement (c) | 404.1 | 263.4 | 232.5 | 263.7 | 232.9 | | Silica fume (s) | 20.2 | 13.2 | 11.6 | 13.2 | 11.6 | | Fly ash (FA) | — | — | — | 105.5 | 139.6 | | Blast furnace slag (BFS) | — | 105.4 | 139.5 | — | — | | Water (w) | 178 | | | | | | Norstone 0–8 mm | 910 | 995 | 994 | 965 | 958 | | Norstone 8–16 mm | 880 | | Sikament 92 | 1.9 |
| | Measured values: fresh concrete | | Air (%) | 4.3 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.1 | | Density (kg/m3) | 2370 | 2410 | 2410 | 2410 | 2370 | | Slump (mm) | 70 | 125 | 140 | 150 | 160 |
| | Binder composition (ratio and volumes) | | s/c ratio | 0.05 | | FA or BFS/c ratio | — | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.40 | 0.60 | | Binder and water volume (ltr) | 317 | 305 | 306 | 316 | 321 | | w/(c + 2s + FA + BFS) ratio | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 |
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