Bridge Responses Induced by Adjacent Subway Station Construction Using Shallow Tunneling Method

Table 1

Physical and mechanical properties of soil.

	Bulk density (kg/m^3)	Coefficient of earth pressure	Cohesion (kPa)	Friction angle (°)	Compression modulus (MPa)
Backfill	1600		15	10	5.65
Silt	1890	0.43	11.67	15.5	8.78
Fine sand	2000	0.38	0	32	23
Silt clay	1990	0.49	25.75	13.38	6.49
Gravel	2150	0.25	0	46	65
Clay	1910	0.5	32	14.7	10.82
Gravel	2150	0.23	0	46