Research Article

Simultaneous Shape and Stacking Sequence Optimization of Laminated Composite Free-Form Shells Using Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm

Figure 16

Optimal shapes and stacking sequences with increased number of variable control points (Approach 1). (a) Shell 1 [−45°/90°/0°/90°/0°/45°/−45°/45°]s. (b) Shell 2 [0°/90°/45°/0°/−45°2/90°/−45°]s. (c) Shell 3 [45°/0°/−45°/90°/0°/90°/−45°/45°]s.
(a)
(b)
(c)