Seismic Performance of Exterior Steel Ring-Stiffener Joint

Figure 6

Skeleton curves. (a) Influence of axial compressive ratio. (b) Influence of linear stiffness ratio. (c) Influence of high-strength bolts. (d) Influence of the slab type. (e) Influence of the slab.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)