Failure Mechanism and Factor of Safety for Spatially Variable Undrained Soil Slope

Table 3

Comparison in FM between LEM and FEM/FDM.

Realizations		Bishop method	M-P method	Spencer method
λ = 1 m	1	Well	Moderate	Moderate
	2	Well	Moderate	Moderate
	3	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
	4	Well	Bad	Bad
	5	Well	Bad	Well
	6	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
	7	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
	8	Well	Bad	Bad
	9	Moderate	Bad	Moderate
	10	Well	Bad	Bad
λ = 2 m	1	Well	Bad	Well
	2	Well	Bad	Bad
	3	Well	Moderate	Well
	4	Well	Bad	Bad
	5	Well	Well	Bad
	6	Well	Moderate	Bad
	7	Well	Bad	Moderate
	8	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
	9	Well	Bad	Bad
	10	Well	Bad	Bad
λ = 5 m	1	Well	Bad	Moderate
	2	Well	Bad	Bad
	3	Well	Bad	Moderate
	4	Well	Bad	Bad
	5	Well	Bad	Bad
	6	Well	Bad	Bad
	7	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
	8	Well	Well	Well
	9	Well	Bad	Bad
	10	Well	Well	Well
λ = 10 m	1	Well	Bad	Bad
	2	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
	3	Well	Bad	Well
	4	Well	Bad	Well
	5	Well	Bad	Moderate
	6	Well	Well	Well
	7	Well	Moderate	Bad
	8	Well	Well	Bad
	9	Well	Bad	Moderate
	10	Well	Bad	Well
λ = +∞	1	Well	Well	Well
	2	Well	Well	Well
	3	Well	Well	Well
	4	Well	Well	Well
	5	Well	Well	Well
	6	Well	Well	Well
	7	Well	Well	Well
	8	Well	Well	Well
	9	Well	Well	Well
	10	Well	Well	Well