Segment Stress Characteristics and Ground Deformation Caused by Constructing Closely Spaced Parallel Tunnels under a Complex Geological Condition

<div>Displacement curve of the 132nd ring segment in the construction processes of left tunnel excavation. (a) Horizontal displacement curves of points A and B. (b) Vertical displacement curve of points C and D.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 15

Figure 15: Segment Stress Characteristics and Ground Deformation Caused by Constructing Closely Spaced Parallel Tunnels under a Complex Geological Condition 

Figure 15 | Segment Stress Characteristics and Ground Deformation Caused by Constructing Closely Spaced Parallel Tunnels under a Complex Geological Condition 