Segment Stress Characteristics and Ground Deformation Caused by Constructing Closely Spaced Parallel Tunnels under a Complex Geological Condition

Table 1

Geotechnical physical and mechanical parameters.

Soil name	Severe γ (kN/m^3)	Deformation modulus E0 (MPa)	Cohesive force C (kPa)	Internal friction angle ϕ (°)	Poisson’s ratio (μ)
Miscellaneous fill	16.5	2.5	8	10	0.35
Mucky soil	17	5	12.6	12.8	0.3
Fine sand	20.3	12	15	35	0.3
Medium coarse sand	19.6	40	10	30.5	0.3
Gravel sand	20.8	50	10	30.5	0.3
Slightly weathered limestone	24.5	10000	1500	55	0.3