FE Modeling for Bolted Wood Connection Using a Porous Constitutive Model

Table 3

The material properties for FE modeling.

Requisite constants	Value
Elastic modulus of wood parallel to grain	9000 N/mm^2
Yield stress of wood crushing parallel to grain of wood	40.0 N/mm^2
Tension strength parallel to grain of clear wood	112.9 N/mm^2
Average initial void ratio of wood cylinders	2.944
Elastic modulus of steel bolt	2.06 × 10^5 N/mm^2
Poisson’s ratio of steel bolt	0.3
Yield stress of steel bolt	235 N/mm^2

The data are from experiments.