Performance of Super-Large-Span Tunnel Portal Excavated by Upper Bench CD Method Based on Field Monitoring and Numerical Modeling

<div>Layout of monitoring points in tunnel portal section. (a) Layout of deformation monitoring points. (b) Layout of stress monitoring points. (c) Layout of stress test points at secondary lining.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 8

Figure 8: Performance of Super-Large-Span Tunnel Portal Excavated by Upper Bench CD Method Based on Field Monitoring and Numerical Modeling 