Three-Dimensional Physical Similarity Simulation of the Deformation and Failure of a Gas Extraction Surface Well in a Mining Area

<div>Measurement of the rubber pipe deformation in the surface well #4. (a) Localized S-shaped deformation. (b) Deformation of the surface well #4 due to mechanical actions.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

fig11

Figure 11

Figure 11: Three-Dimensional Physical Similarity Simulation of the Deformation and Failure of a Gas Extraction Surface Well in a Mining Area 